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Cisco PIX Firewall and VPN Configuration Guide
78-15033-01
Chapter 2 Establishing Connectivity
Policy NAT
Limitations
The following configuration limitations apply to policy NAT:
• Access lists must contain permit statements only. Access lists for policy NAT cannot contain deny
statements.
• An access list must be used only once with the nat command. For example, the following
configuration would produce an error:
nat (inside) 1 access-list mylist-A
nat (inside) 2 access-list mylist-A
Whereas, the following configuration would not produce an error:
nat (inside) 1 access-list mylist-A
nat (inside) 2 access-list mylist-B
• Use an access list only once between the nat and static commands.
• A global address cannot be used concurrently for NAT and PAT.
• static commands are matched and executed before nat commands.
• Policy NAT does not support SQL*Net, which is supported by regular NAT.
Configuring Policy NAT
This section describes how to configure both global translations and static translations. Refer to
Figure 2-12 on page 2-42 and proceed with the configuration that fits the needs of your network.
Configuring Global Translations
Step 1 Configure IP addresses for the inside and outside interfaces.
ip address inside 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
ip address outside 209.165.202.129 255.255.255.255
Step 2 Configure access lists to define traffic for translation.
Note Access lists for policy NAT cannot contain deny statements.
access-list NET1 permit ip 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 209.165.201.0 255.255.255.224
access-list NET2 permit ip 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 209.165.200.224 255.255.255.224
Step 3 Enter nat commands that use the same identifier as those defined with the access-list statements in
Step
2.
nat (inside) 1 access-list NET1
nat (inside) 2 access-list NET2
- Cisco PIX Firewall and VPN 1
- Configuration Guide 1
- CONTENTS 3
- Contents 10
- 78-15033-01 10
- INDEXndex 18
- About This Guide 19
- Document Organization 20
- Document Conventions 21
- Obtaining Documentation 21
- Documentation CD-ROM 22
- Ordering Documentation 22
- Documentation Feedback 22
- Cisco.com 23
- Technical Assistance Center 23
- Cisco TAC Escalation Center 24
- Getting Started 27
- How the PIX Firewall Works 28
- Adaptive Security Algorithm 29
- Address Translation 31
- Cut-Through Proxy 32
- Supported Routing Protocols 32
- Access Control 32
- TurboACL 33
- Downloadable ACLs 33
- VLAN Support 34
- Mail Guard 35
- Flood Guard 35
- DNS Control 35
- ActiveX Blocking 36
- Java Filtering 36
- URL Filtering 36
- Configurable Proxy Pinging 36
- Voice over IP 37
- CTIQBE (TAPI) 38
- RAS Version 2 38
- LDAP Version 2 and ILS 40
- NetBIOS over IP 40
- Virtual Private Networks 41
- Certification Authorities 42
- Using a Site-to-Site VPN 43
- DHCP Server 45
- DHCP Relay 46
- DHCP Client 46
- Using a Syslog Server 49
- FTP and URL Logging 49
- Integration with Cisco IDS 49
- PIX Firewall Failover 50
- Access Modes 51
- Accessing Configuration Mode 52
- Abbreviating Commands 53
- Command Line Editing 54
- Filtering Show Command Output 54
- Command Output Paging 55
- Comments 55
- Configuration Size 56
- Help Information 56
- Where to Go from Here 57
- Establishing Connectivity 61
- Setting Default Routes 63
- How NAT and PAT Work 70
- Configuring NAT and PAT 70
- Using RIP 73
- PIX Firewall 74
- Using OSPF 75
- OSPF Features Supported 76
- Restrictions and Limitations 77
- Using OSPF in Public Networks 78
- Viewing OSPF Configuration 81
- Clearing OSPF Configuration 82
- Testing Connectivity 83
- Basic Configuration Examples 85
- Internet 90
- 209.165.201.3209.165.201.2 92
- 192.168.0.110.0.0.3 92
- 209.165.201.1 92
- 209.165.201.4 92
- Using VLANs with the Firewall 94
- Using Logical Interfaces 95
- VLAN Security Issues 96
- Managing VLANs 97
- Using Outside NAT 98
- Simplifying Routing 99
- 209.165.200.225 100
- 209.165.200.226 100
- Policy NAT 101
- Limitations 104
- Configuring Policy NAT 104
- Overview 106
- Configuring IGMP Timers 109
- Clearing IGMP Configuration 109
- Viewing and Debugging SMR 110
- • RFC 2236 IGMPv2 111
- • RFC 2362 PIM-SM 111
- Enabling Inbound Connections 114
- 10.1.1.2 209.165.201.25 118
- PAT address = 118
- 209.165.201.15 118
- Inside Outside 118
- Port Redirection Example 119
- Configuring AAA 120
- Using MAC-Based AAA Exemption 125
- Basic Configuration 126
- Managing Access to Services 128
- Using TurboACL 130
- Globally Configuring TurboACL 131
- Downloading Access Lists 132
- Software Restrictions 135
- How Object Grouping Works 136
- Using Subcommand Mode 137
- Nesting Object Groups 141
- Removing Object Groups 142
- Filtering ActiveX Objects 143
- Filtering Java Applets 144
- Filtering HTTPS and FTP Sites 146
- Configuring Filtering Policy 147
- Filtering Long URLs 148
- Configuration Procedure 150
- Basic Configuration Procedure 156
- • Overview, page 4-7 158
- Using X.509 Certificates 162
- Using Related Commands 168
- Using DHCP Relay 173
- Configuring the DHCP Client 174
- • debug dhcpc packet 175
- • debug dhcpc detail 175
- • debug dhcpc error 175
- Using the fixup Command 180
- Basic Internet Protocols 182
- • ESP tunnel serialization 186
- • SPI matching 186
- Application Inspection 188
- Sample Configuration 189
- Voice Over IP 190
- CU-SeeMe 191
- Viewing Connection Status 193
- Technical Background 193
- Viewing MGCP Information 196
- Using PAT with SCCP 197
- Viewing SCCP Information 199
- Providing IP Address Privacy 201
- Instant Messaging (IM) 202
- Viewing SIP Information 202
- Multimedia Applications 203
- TCP Stream 205
- VDO LIVE 206
- ILS and LDAP 207
- Step 2 Permit NFS access: 208
- Management Protocols 209
- Remote Shell 210
- How IPSec Works 213
- Internet Key Exchange (IKE) 214
- Configuring IKE 216
- Disabling IKE 218
- CA Overview 220
- Public Key Cryptography 220
- Supported CA Servers 221
- Configuring IPSec 225
- Transform Sets 226
- Crypto Maps 226
- Access Lists 228
- IPSec SA Lifetimes 230
- Basic IPSec Configuration 231
- Using Dynamic Crypto Maps 233
- Site-to-Site Redundancy 236
- Using NAT Traversal 236
- Manual Configuration of SAs 237
- Viewing IPSec Configuration 240
- Clearing SAs 240
- Using Pre-Shared Keys 243
- Figure 7-1 VPN Tunnel Network 244
- Step 1 Define a host name: 244
- Scenario Description 249
- Figure 7-2 VPN Tunnel Network 250
- Step 11 Define a crypto map: 261
- PIX Firewall 1 Configuration 263
- PIX Firewall 2 Configuration 265
- Services Module 267
- Manual Configuration with NAT 277
- Managing VPN Remote Access 281
- Enabling Redundancy 284
- Bypassing AAA Authentication 285
- Configuring the PIX Firewall 290
- Using PPTP for Remote Access 299
- PPTP Configuration 300
- PPTP Configuration Example 301
- Privilege Levels 304
- User Authentication 305
- Command Authorization 307
- TACACS+ Command Authorization 310
- Recovering from Lockout 311
- Using Network Time Protocol 312
- Enabling NTP 313
- Viewing System Time 317
- Setting the System Clock 317
- option is 318
- Using Telnet 322
- Trace Channel Feature 323
- Obtaining an SSH Client 324
- Viewing SSH Status 326
- Enabling Auto Update Support 327
- Managing Auto Update Support 328
- Capturing Packets 329
- Packet Capture Output Formats 331
- Packet Capture Examples 332
- Using Syslog 334
- Disabling Syslog Messages 336
- Configuration 337
- Logging Behavior 339
- Syslog Message Format 340
- Managing IDS Syslog Messages 341
- Using SNMP 343
- MIB Support 344
- SNMP CPU Utilization 344
- SNMP Usage Notes 345
- SNMP Traps 346
- Viewing Failover Status 349
- Verifying Memory Usage 350
- Viewing The Connection Count 351
- Viewing System Buffer Usage 352
- Using PIX Firewall Failover 355
- Failover System Requirements 356
- Understanding Failover 357
- Failover and State Links 358
- State Link 359
- Configuration Replication 360
- Failover Triggers 361
- Configuring the Primary Unit 366
- Forcing Failover 374
- Disabling Failover 374
- Monitoring Failover 375
- Basic Failover Questions 377
- LAN-Based Failover Questions 379
- Stateful Failover Questions 379
- Cable-Based Failover Example 380
- LAN-Based Failover Example 381
- Obtaining an Activation Key 384
- Entering a New Activation Key 384
- 1. Install the new image 385
- 2. Reboot the system 385
- 4. Reboot the system 385
- Getting a TFTP Server 389
- Downloading Software with FTP 390
- Using Boothelper 392
- TFTP Download Error Codes 397
- Acronyms and Abbreviations 399
- Access Clients 405
- Introduction 406
- PIX Firewall Configuration 407
- Token Enabled 408
- Next Tokencode Mode 408
- New PIN Mode 409
- L2TP Overview 413
- Tunnel mode 414
- Transport mode 414
- Enabling IPSec Debug 419
- Figure B-5 VPN Client Access 420
- APPENDIX 427
- Configuring the Inside Server 429
- TCP/IP Reference Information 431
- Protocols and Applications 435
- Using Subnet Masks 437
- Uses for Subnet Information 439
- Using Limited IP Addresses 439
- Addresses in the .128 Mask 439
- Addresses in the .192 Mask 440
- Addresses in the .224 Mask 440
- Addresses in the .240 Mask 440
- Addresses in the .248 Mask 441
- Addresses in the .252 Mask 442
- Proposals 445
- Supported Easy VPN Proposals 447
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