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Chapter8 Configuring VLANs
How VLAN Trunks Work
8-36
Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Software Configuration Guide
78-6511-05
How VLAN Trunks Work
A trunk is a point-to-point link that transmits and receives traffic between
switches or between switches and routers. Trunks carry the traffic of multiple
VLANs and can extend VLANs across an entire network. 100BASE-T and
Gigabit Ethernet trunks use Cisco Inter-Switch Link (ISL), the default protocol,
or industry-standard IEEE 802.1Q to carry traffic for multiple VLANs over a
single link.
Figure 8-4 shows a network of switches that are connected by ISL trunks.
Figure 8-4 Catalyst 2900 XL and Catalyst 3500 XL Switches in an ISL Trunking Environment
Catalyst 5000 series
switch
Catalyst
2900 XL
switch
Catalyst
3500 XL
switch
Catalyst
2900 XL
switch
Catalyst
3500 XL
switch
VLAN2
VLAN3VLAN1
VLAN1
VLAN2
VLAN3
ISL
trunk
ISL
trunk
ISL
trunk
ISL
trunk
15929
- Catalyst 2900 Series XL and 1
- Catalyst 3500 Series XL 1
- Software Configuration Guide 1
- CONTENTS 3
- 1 Overview 1-1 4
- 5 Clustering Switches 5-1 6
- 6 Configuring the System 6-1 7
- Contents 10
- 78-6511-05 10
- 8 Configuring VLANs 8-1 11
- 9 Troubleshooting 9-1 13
- A System Error Messages A-1 14
- Audience 15
- Organization 17
- Conventions 18
- Related Publications 19
- Obtaining Documentation 20
- Ordering Documentation 21
- Documentation Feedback 21
- Cisco.com 22
- Technical Assistance Center 22
- Contacting TAC by Telephone 23
- Chapter 1 Overview 26
- Features 26
- Management Options 31
- Large Campus Configuration 42
- Hotel Network Configuration 44
- Multidwelling Configuration 47
- Getting Started with CMS 49
- Cluster Manager and VSM 51
- 10.1.126.45 52
- Cluster Tree 54
- Switch Images 55
- Redundant Power System LED 56
- Port Modes and LEDs 57
- 10/100 Ports 61
- 1000BASE-X Ports 61
- Menu Bars 62
- Cluster (VSM-specific) 63
- Move the cursor over 65
- Help Contents 65
- Port Pop-Up Menu 66
- Device Pop-Up Menu 67
- Monitoring 68
- Cluster is collapsed to a 70
- Connected cluster 70
- Status bar shows that 70
- Cluster View is displayed 70
- Switch202 71
- Topology 72
- Menu Bar 74
- CMS Window Components 79
- Host Name List 80
- Online Help 81
- Accessing CMS 83
- Saving Configuration Changes 85
- Management Software 86
- Where to Go Next 86
- Getting Started with the CLI 87
- Command Usage Basics 88
- • Change 89
- • Perform basic 89
- • Display 89
- Abbreviating Commands 90
- Redisplaying a Command 91
- Getting Help 91
- Note No space before tabbing 92
- Command-Line Error Messages 93
- Accessing the CLI 94
- General Switch Administration 97
- Switch Software Releases 98
- Console Port Access 99
- Telnet Access to the CLI 100
- HTTP Access to CMS 101
- Default Settings 105
- Device Management 106
- Flooding Control 109
- Network Redundancy 109
- Diagnostics 110
- Security 110
- Clustering Switches 113
- Understanding Switch Clusters 114
- Planning a Switch Cluster 116
- Standby Command Switches 117
- IP Addresses 120
- Passwords 120
- Host Names 122
- SNMP Community Strings 122
- Management VLAN 123
- Network Port 124
- NAT Commands 124
- Creating a Switch Cluster 125
- Verifying a Switch Cluster 131
- Displaying Link Information 132
- Command switch 135
- Trap 1, Trap 2, Trap 3 135
- Member 1 Member 2 Member 3 135
- SNMP Manager 135
- Configuring the System 137
- Changing IP Information 138
- DHCP Client Request Process 141
- Configuring the DHCP Server 142
- Configuring the TFTP Server 143
- Configuring the Relay Device 145
- Obtaining Configuration Files 146
- Example Configuration 148
- Changing the Password 151
- Configuring SNMP 154
- Entering Community Strings 155
- Adding Trap Managers 155
- Configuring CDP 158
- Configuring STP 160
- Disabling STP 161
- Enabling STP UplinkFast 166
- How CSUF Works 167
- Limitations 171
- Connecting the Stack Ports 171
- Changing the Switch Priority 175
- STP Port States 177
- Changing the Path Cost 179
- Changing the Port Priority 179
- Configuring STP Root Guard 180
- Managing the ARP Table 181
- Removing Multicast Groups 184
- Configuring MVR 185
- Setting MVR Parameters 189
- MAC Addresses and VLANs 192
- Adding Secure Addresses 194
- Removing Secure Addresses 195
- Adding Static Addresses 195
- Removing Static Addresses 196
- Configuring TACACS+ 197
- Network Services 201
- Starting TACACS+ Accounting 202
- Configuring the Switch Ports 205
- Configuring Flooding Controls 208
- Disabling Storm Control 209
- Enabling a Network Port 211
- Disabling a Network Port 212
- Configuring Protected Ports 217
- Enabling Port Security 218
- Disabling Port Security 219
- Enabling SPAN 220
- Disabling SPAN 220
- Configuring Voice Ports 221
- Different VLANs 224
- Configuring the LRE Ports 226
- Table 7-1 LRE Profiles 228
- LRE Ethernet Links 229
- Configuring VLANs 233
- Overview 234
- Management VLANs 236
- VLAN Membership Combinations 240
- Using VTP 244
- The VTP Domain 245
- Table 8-4 VTP Modes 246
- VTP Advertisements 247
- VTP Version 2 248
- VTP Pruning 249
- VTP Configuration Guidelines 250
- VTP Version 251
- Configuring VTP 252
- Configuring VTP Server Mode 253
- Configuring VTP Client Mode 254
- Enabling VTP Version 2 256
- Disabling VTP Version 2 257
- Enabling VTP Pruning 257
- Monitoring VTP 258
- VLANs in the VTP Database 259
- VLAN Configuration Guidelines 260
- Default VLAN Configuration 260
- Adding a VLAN 265
- Modifying a VLAN 266
- How VLAN Trunks Work 268
- Configuring a Trunk Port 270
- Disabling a Trunk Port 272
- How Class of Service Works 276
- Port Scheduling 277
- Load Sharing Using STP 278
- How the VMPS Works 284
- Dynamic Port VLAN Membership 285
- VMPS Configuration Guidelines 288
- Default VMPS Configuration 289
- Reconfirming VLAN Memberships 291
- Changing the Retry Count 292
- Troubleshooting 295
- Table 9-2 LRE Port Problems 298
- Troubleshooting CMS Sessions 299
- Chapter9 Troubleshooting 300
- Configuration Problems 303
- Recovery Procedures 307
- Step 7 Load any helper files: 317
- System Error Messages 321
- Table A-1 Facility Codes 322
- Chassis Message 325
- CMP Messages 325
- Environment Messages 326
- GigaStack Messages 327
- Link Message 328
- LRE Link Messages 328
- Module Message 329
- Port Security Messages 329
- RTD Messages 330
- Storm Control Messages 331
- Numerics 333
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