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CHAPTER 3
Spanning Tree
Bridge Protocol Data Units
Switches exchange Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU). The two types of BPDUs are Configuration and Topology
Change Notification(TCN). Configuration BPDUs are sent every two seconds from the root toward the downstream
switches. They:
n Are used during an election
n Maintain connectivity between switches
n Send timer information from the root
[ 34 ]
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright. Please see page 112 for more details.
CCNP SWITCH 642-813 Quick Reference by Denise Donohue
FIGURE 3-2
The Active Topology
After Spanning Tree
Is Complete
A
BC
D
E
9781587140112.qxd 11/23/09 11:34 AM Page 34
www.CareerCert.info
- CCNP SWITCH 642-813 1
- Quick Reference 1
- About the Author 2
- About the Technical Editor 2
- Icons Used 3
- Chapter 1 4
- The Core Layer 5
- Small Campus Design 6
- Medium Campus Design 6
- Data Center Design 7
- Network Traffic Flow 8
- FIGURE 1-3 10
- Chapter 2 12
- FIGURE 2-1 13
- FIGURE 2-2 13
- VLAN Planning 14
- Verifying VLAN Configuration 15
- VLAN Trunking 17
- Configuring a Trunk Link 18
- VLANs Allowed on the Trunk 19
- VLAN Trunking Protocol 20
- VTP Switch Roles 21
- Configuring VTP 22
- Verifying and Monitoring VTP 23
- EtherChannels 24
- Configuring an EtherChannel 25
- Verifying an EtherChannel 26
- Troubleshooting VLAN Issues 27
- Troubleshooting VTP 28
- Chapter 3 29
- FIGURE 3-1 30
- The STP Election 32
- Root Port Election 33
- Designated Port Election 33
- Bridge Protocol Data Units 34
- Spanning Tree Port States 36
- Per-VLAN Spanning-Tree 36
- Configuring Spanning Tree 37
- Rapid Spanning Tree 38
- RSTP Port Roles 39
- BPDU Differences in RSTP 39
- RSTP Fast Convergence 39
- Multiple Spanning Tree 40
- (config-mst)# revision number 41
- (config-mst)# end 41
- # show spanning-tree mst 41
- UplinkFast 42
- BackboneFast 42
- BPDU Guard 43
- BPDU Filtering 43
- Root Guard 44
- Unidirectional Link Detection 44
- Loop Guard 45
- Troubleshooting STP 46
- Identifying a Bridging Loop 47
- Spanning-Tree Best Practices 47
- FIGURE 3-3 48
- Chapter 4 49
- MLS Interfaces 53
- CEF Switching 55
- FIGURE 4-1 56
- # show cef drop 58
- # show adjacency 58
- Chapter 5 59
- Technology 60
- Processes 61
- Network Level Resiliency 63
- Fast Failover 63
- Optimizing Redundancy 64
- Designing for Redundancy 65
- FIGURE 5-2 66
- FIGURE 5-3 67
- FIGURE 5-4 67
- Chapter 6 72
- HSRP States 73
- Configuring HSRP 74
- Chapter 7 79
- MAC Address-Based Attacks 80
- Port-Based Authentication 82
- VLAN-Based Attacks 83
- 802.1Q Double-Tagging 84
- Private VLANs 86
- Protected Ports 87
- Spoof Attacks 88
- Securing Your Switch 89
- Chapter 8 91
- VoIP in a Campus Network 92
- FIGURE 8-1 93
- Voice VLANs 94
- QoS for VoIP 95
- QoS Actions 96
- DSCP Values 97
- Trust Boundaries 98
- Manual Configuration 99
- Using AutoQoS 100
- Video over IP 101
- Chapter 9 102
- WLAN Topologies 104
- Client Connectivity 105
- Autonomous (Stand-alone) APs 106
- Lightweight Access Points 107
- Wireless LAN Controllers 109
- Switch Configuration 110
- CCNP SWITCH Quick Reference 112
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